Phytochemical compositions and antibacterial effects of crude extract of leaf of Moringa oleifera on bacteria iso-lates from well water at Iworoko-Ekiti, Nigeria
Abstract
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Objective: Â Phytochemical compositions of Moringa oleifera leaf are believed to be a major contributing factor to its antibacterial activities. The present study investigated the phytochemical compositions and antibacterial effects of crude extract of leaf of Moringa oleifera on bacterial isolates from well water at Iworoko-Ekiti, Nigeria
Methods: Phytochemical compositions and antibacterial effects of crude leaf extracts of M. oleifera on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherischia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus. (Bacterial isolates from well water) were investigated using the agar diffusion method. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses were initially accomplished using standard methods.
Results: Phytochemical screenings of the M. oleifera leaf ethanol-extracts revealed the presence of phytochemical compounds. Alkaloid, Saponin, Flavonoids, Steroids and Cardiac glycosides were present while Phlobatanins and Anthraquinnones were absent. Antibacterial activities of M. oleifera increased as the concentration increased. The most susceptible pathogens at the concentration of 125 mg/ml were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with zone of inhibitions of 10±0.00 and 10.0±0.58 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged between 25-100mg/m.
Conclusions: The leaf extract of M. oleifera is a potent antibacterial agent. Its activity is dose dependent and could be linked to the presence of secondary metabolites.
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